Chem 2402K Waycross College Unit 4

Objectives for Ketones and Aldehydes

1. Know the general structure of ketones and aldehydes

2. Know how to name ketones and aldehydes using IUPAC rules

3. Know some of the common names of ketones and aldehydes

4. Know the physical properties of ketones and aldehydes

5. Know the IR, NMR and C-13 NMR and mass spectroscopy of ketones and aldehydes

6. Know the industrial importance of ketones and aldehydes

7. Know the synthesis reactions of ketones and aldehydes including

a. Oxidation of alcohols

b. Ozonolysis of alkenes

c. Friedel-Crafts acylation

d. Hydration of alkynes

e. Synthesis from carboxylic acid

f. Synthesis from acid chlorides

8. Know the following reactions of ketones and aldehydes:

a. Nucleophilic addition in base or acid

b. The Wittig reaction

c. Hydration (addition of water)

d. Addition of hydrogen cyanide

e. Condensation with ammonia and primary amines

f. Condensation with hydrazines

g. Addition of alcohols

h. Oxidation of aldehydes

i. Wolff-Kishner reduction

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Learning Activity:

1. Read Chapter 14 in Organic Chemistry: A Biological Approach by McMurry

2. Do the following problems: 25, 27, 29, 30